PESA (Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996)
PESA (Panchayats (Extension to the Scheduled Areas) Act, 1996) is an important law in India that extends the provisions of the Panchayati Raj system to Scheduled Areas, giving tribal communities more autonomy in self-governance. It aims to empower Gram Sabhas (village assemblies) in tribal areas by giving them control over natural resources, local governance, and social justice.
Key features of PESA:
1. **Empowers Gram Sabhas** – They have the authority to approve plans, control resources, and resolve disputes.
2. **Control over Natural Resources** – Gram Sabhas have rights over minor forest produce, land, water bodies, and minerals.
3. **Customary Laws** – It recognizes traditional tribal laws, social customs, and practices.
4. **Land Alienation Protection** – Prevents the transfer of tribal land to non-tribals and ensures tribal ownership.
5. **Decentralized Governance** – Strengthens the role of local governance bodies in Scheduled Areas.
PESA is crucial for tribal development and environmental conservation, especially in states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra, where Scheduled Areas exist.
Are you interested in its implementation in Uttarakhand or its role in self-sustained villages?
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